en ترمیمی Cosmetic and Restorative Dentistry پژوهشي Research Objectives <p> This study characterized the feldspathic ceramic surfaces after various silanization protocols.</p>Methods <p> Ceramic bars (2<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >mm<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >×<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >4<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >mm<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >×<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >10<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >mm) (<i>N</i><img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >=<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >18) of feldpathic ceramic (VM7, VITA Zahnfabrik) were manufactured and finished. Before silane application, the specimens were ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water for 10<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >min. The ceramic specimens were randomly divided into nine groups (<i>N</i><img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >=<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >2 per group) and were treated with different silane protocols. MPS silane (ESPE-Sil, 3M ESPE) was applied to all specimens and left to react at 20<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >°C for 2<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >min (G20). After drying, the specimens were subjected to heat treatment in an oven at 38<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >°C (G38), 79<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >°C (G79) or 100<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >°C (G100) for 1<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >min. Half of the specimens of each group were rinsed with water at 80<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >°C for 15<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >s (G20B, G38B, G79B, G100B). The control group (GC) received no silane. Attenuated total reflection infrared Fourier transform analysis (ATR FT-IR) was performed using a spectrometer. Thickness of silane layer was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer working in the <i>λ</i><img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >=<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >632.8<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >nm (He–Ne laser) at 70° incidence angle. Surface roughness was evaluated using an optical profilometer. Specimens were further analyzed under the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe the topographic patterns.</p>Results <p> ATR FT-IR analysis showed changes in Si–O peaks with enlarged bands around 940<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >cm⁻¹. Ellipsometry measurements showed that all post-heat treatment actions reduced the silane film thickness (30.8–33.5<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >nm) compared to G20 (40<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >nm). The groups submitted to rinsing in hot water (B groups) showed thinner silane films (9.8–14.4<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >nm) than those of their corresponding groups (without washing) (30.8–40<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >nm). Profilometer analysis showed that heat treatments (Ra<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >≈<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >0.10–0.19<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >μm Rq<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >≈<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >0.15–0.26<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >μm) provided a smoother surface than the control group (Ra<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >≈<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >0.48<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >μm Rq<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >≈<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >0.65<img alt="AWT IMAGE" src="webfiles/images/transparent.gif" width="4" height="1" >μm). Similar patterns were also observed in SEM images.</p>Significance <p> Heat treatment after MPS silane application improved the silane layer network. Rinsing with boiling water eliminated the outmost unreacted regions of the silane yielding to thinner film thicknesses.</p><hr><p></p><p> <strong> Source: </strong>Dental Materials </p><p><a href="Adhesion, Ceramic, Silane coupling agent, Surface, Surface characterization" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">  Full text </font></a></p> Adhesion, Ceramic, Silane coupling agent, Surface, Surface characterization 0 0 http://idai.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-32-255&slc_lang=en&sid=1 • José Renato • Cavalcanti Queiroz 10031947532846001023 10031947532846001023 Yes • Paula • Benetti 10031947532846001024 10031947532846001024 No • Mutlu Özcan 10031947532846001025 10031947532846001025 No • Luiz Fernando • Cappa de Oliveira 10031947532846001026 10031947532846001026 No • Alvaro • Della Bona 10031947532846001027 10031947532846001027 No • Fernando Eidi Takahashi 10031947532846001028 10031947532846001028 No • Marco Antonio • Bottino 10031947532846001029 10031947532846001029 No