fa Fluoride intake from food items in 2- to 6-year-old Brazilian children living in a non-fluoridated area using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire کودکان Pediatric Dentistry پژوهشي Research <p> <strong>Background</strong></p><p>  Estimating fluoride intake (FI) using the ‘duplicate plate’ method is difficult and can raise ethical dilemmas. </p><p> <strong>Aim</strong></p><p>  To apply a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to 2- to 6-year-old Brazilian children in a non-fluoridated area (i) to estimate their FI and (ii) to provide additional validity to the questionnaire by comparing the results obtained with those found previously in a fluoridated municipality. </p><p> <strong>Design</strong></p><p>  The FFQ was administered to parents of 398 children residing in a non-fluoridated community. Constituents of the diet were divided into solids, water and other beverages and their fluoride content was analysed with the electrode. Data were analysed using unpaired t-test. <strong></strong></p><p> <strong>Results</strong></p><p>  The mean (±SD) FIs from solids, water and other beverages were 0.009 ± 0.004, 0.001 ± 0.001 and 0.007 ± 0.007 mg F/kg body weight/day, respectively, totalling 0.017 ± 0.009 mg F/kg body weight/day. Total FI from food/beverage items ingested in the non-fluoridated area was significantly lower than that observed in a study previously conducted in a fluoridated area (P < 0.0001). </p><p> <strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p>  This result reinforces the use of the FFQ as a promising alternative to duplicate diet in order to estimate FI in children in this age range, with potential application in broad epidemiological surveys. </p><hr><p></p><p> <strong>Source: </strong>International Journal of ‍ Pediatric Dentistry</p><p> <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ipd.12015/abstract" target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">Full Text</font></a></p> 0 0 http://idai.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-32-2504&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Flavia Mauad Levy 100319475328460011912 100319475328460011912 No Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio 100319475328460011913 100319475328460011913 No Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil Sonia Tucunduva Philippi 100319475328460011914 100319475328460011914 No Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf mbuzalaf@fob.usp.br 100319475328460011915 100319475328460011915 Yes Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil